‘The Rituals are now Secluded to the Palace:’ The Iganmode Festival in Otta among the Yewa-Awori Peoples of Ogun State

Abstract

Festivals play a critical role in shaping cultural identity, education, and heritage. Yet, aspects of indigenous cultures continue to be bastardised and denigrated due to limited knowledge, religious perceptions, and cultural stereotypes, resulting in inadequate scholarly attention. This study examines the contributions and challenges of the Iganmode Festival in Ota, Ogun State, with particular attention to its roles in cultural preservation, identity formation, and socio-economic development. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through Key Informant Interviews conducted on 9 January 2025 and participant observation. Findings reveal that the festival provides an important platform for reinforcing Awori identity, legitimising traditional authority, promoting social cohesion, and transmitting indigenous knowledge across generations. Rituals, performances, songs, and apprenticeship in cultural arts serve as mechanisms of cultural continuity. Economically, the festival stimulates local commerce, attracts visitors, and contributes to community development. However, its sustainability is threatened by inadequate infrastructure, including poor road networks and public facilities; declining youth engagement influenced by global cultural trends; insecurity during large gatherings; and increasing commercialisation that risks undermining its sacred character. The study concludes that, while Iganmode remains a resilient cultural institution, deliberate investment in infrastructure, cultural education, youth engagement, and balanced sponsorship is essential to sustain its cultural significance in a rapidly modernising society.